An Investigation of Social Engineering Threats and Employee Awareness: A Study of Financial Institutions in Kaduna State
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Background of the Study
Social engineering refers to manipulation techniques used to deceive individuals into divulging confidential information or performing actions that compromise security. As cyber threats evolve, financial institutions are increasingly targeted by social engineering attacks, including phishing, pretexting, and baiting (Oni & Akinola, 2024).
In Kaduna State, financial institutions are at significant risk due to the increasing sophistication of social engineering attacks. The effectiveness of employee awareness and training programs is crucial in mitigating these risks. This study investigates the prevalence of social engineering threats and assesses the level of employee awareness in financial institutions in Kaduna State.
Statement of the Problem
Despite the growing threats posed by social engineering, many financial institutions in Kaduna State have not adequately trained their employees to recognize and respond to such attacks. This lack of awareness contributes to successful cyberattacks, data breaches, and financial losses. This study evaluates the impact of employee awareness on the prevention of social engineering threats.
Objectives of the Study
- To assess the prevalence of social engineering threats in financial institutions in Kaduna State.
- To evaluate the level of employee awareness regarding social engineering threats in these institutions.
- To recommend strategies for improving employee awareness and reducing social engineering attacks.
Research Questions
- How prevalent are social engineering threats in financial institutions in Kaduna State?
- What is the level of employee awareness regarding social engineering threats in these institutions?
- What strategies can enhance employee awareness and mitigate social engineering attacks?
Research Hypotheses
- Social engineering threats are not prevalent in financial institutions in Kaduna State.
- Employee awareness of social engineering threats does not significantly reduce the occurrence of attacks.
- Strategies for improving employee awareness do not significantly reduce the risk of social engineering attacks.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study focuses on financial institutions in Kaduna State that have experienced or are vulnerable to social engineering threats between 2023 and 2025. Limitations include the challenge of accessing proprietary security data and varying levels of training across institutions.
Definitions of Terms
Social Engineering: Psychological manipulation techniques used to deceive individuals into revealing confidential information or performing insecure actions.
Employee Awareness: The knowledge and understanding of security threats among employees, and their ability to recognize and respond to such threats.
Cyberattacks: Malicious attempts to damage or disrupt computer systems or networks.
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